Conflicts by Type

            Bolivia’s language conflict involves indigenous Aymara speakers and the dominant Spanish speakers (referred to in official Bolivian documents as “Castellano”). The Aymara inhabited the ...

The conflict of the Basque people, or Euskaldunak, is a long-standing issue of autonomy that has spanned multiple centuries and transcends national borders. It has basis in the autonomy that the Basque people have held for much of their modern history, ...

Catalan is historically spoken in several Western European countries and regions, including Catalonia, the French Department of Western Pyrenees, Andorra, Eastern Aragon, Valencian Community, the ...

The Galician language conflict is a centuries-long competition between a dominant (Castilian Spanish) and a non-dominant (Galician) language. Galicia went through its ‘golden age’ at the very beginnings ...

The indigenous minority language conflict between the Mongol and Han Chinese ethnic groups in the Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region stretches over thousands of years. In 1279, during the expansion of the Mongol empire, Khub ...

Prior to European colonization and mapping the borders of colonies, the various regions that comprise modern day Nigeria were quite separate with their linguistically distinct populations, and only connected through loose alliances and trade [The Edito ...

The conflict between Okinawan and Japanese languages hinges on the problem of definition. The current Japanese government views the conflict as an intralingual issue, since they claim Okinawan is a mere dial ...

An indigenous language conflict exists in Tajikistan between the dominant Tajik ethnicity and the minority Pamiri population. A loose association of several dozen languages, the term ‘Pamiri’ describes these related dialec ...

The language conflict on both the island of Puerto Rico and within mainland US Puerto Rican communities has been present since the United States gained control of the island from the Spanish in 1898. Prior to the ...

Synopsis Flag of the Romani people The Roma people have a long history of statelessness that has contributed to their current language conflict situation. Influenced by many different languages, the Romani language is a co ...

The Sámi indigenous minority group has inhabited the Scandinavian Peninsula since approximately 8000 BCE. In Norway, the Sámi lived largely isolated lives until the end of the Middle Ages, as Norwegian settlers and missionaries began to move north. Ear ...

The language conflict of Hungarians in Slovakia can be described as geopolitically generated.  Historically, many Slovakian tribes were oppressed under Hungarian rule. However, with the shifting of borders, the once majority population can become a min ...

South Africa has been home to a variety of languages since the fourth century C.E., when various Bantu groups migrated to the region and encountered the native Khoisan people. Centuries later, the Dutch and the English imperial powers added further con ...

The language conflict in Belgium between Wallonia and Flanders, communities that speak French and Flemish respectively, has molded the country into its current state of ethnic, linguistic, and economic division. This  ...

Senegal, now an independent republic of over sixteen million inhabitants, was once considered the crown jewel of France’s “scramble for Africa,” and the most assimilated region of French West Africa [Wooten, n.d.]. The widespread use of the F ...